



:- ' m 



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THE VILLA. 



•)•> 




ASHEVILLE, N. C. 

This popular House is open all the year. Its 
central location and uearneRs to Battery 
Porter render it especially desirable, while its 
pleasant rooms and excellent table have 
brought it into well-deserved favor. Write 
for terms. 



*v-^ 



WESTERN 



NORTH CAROLINA 



-ITS — 



EESOUEOES. 



■CLIMATE, SCENERY AND SALUBRITY. 



—BY — 

LATE EDITOR OF THE rffiPARTMENT OF CLIMATOLOGY 

AND HYGIENE IN THE U. S. MEDICAL 

AND SURGICAL JOURNAL. 



(. 



if}^ 




EDITED BY 

EDWIN A. GATCHELL. M.D. 



NEW YORK : 

A. L. CHATTERTON PUB. CO. 

1885. 



' •"'^ "yBjcnT^'^™*-' 



^^^ 



Lovers of the ¥eec 

Who enjoy a really good smoke, shoulcHI 

ask for 

Holmes' Pisgah, 

Holmes' Golden Leaf, 

Holmes' Land of the Sl^^r 



These brands are something choice, and are manu- 
factured from celebrated Tobaccos grown in West- 
ern North Carolina, free from aU perfumerie*^ 
adulterations or impurities, and are prized for thci> 

Superb Smoking Qualities. pj 



Ask your dealers for 

HOLMES' TOBACCO, 

And Take No Other. 



Orders from the trade solicited. 

E. L HOLMES & CO., Proprietors, r 



WESTERN 



NOETH CAROLINA; 



— ITS — 



EESOUEOES, 



CLIMATE, SCENERY AND SALUBRITY. 

— BY — 

LATE EDITOK OF THE DEPARTMENT OP CLIMATOLOGY 

AND HYGIENE IN THE U. S, MEDICAL 

AND SURGICAL JOURNAL. 



EDITED BY 

EDWIN A. GATCHELL, M.D. 



NEW YORK : 

A. L. CHATTERTON PUB. CO. 

1885. 



v^^ 
•s 



PREFACE. 



This pamphlet is a reprint of one which was is- 
sued fourteen years ago by my fatlier, Prof. H. P. 
Gatchell, M.D, Its facts are as true at present as tliey 
were at that time. Some changes and additions have 
been necessary in order to adapt it to tlie Asheville of 
to-day. 

Any further information which may be desired 
touching the resources of Western Nortli CaroHna may 
be obtained by addressing the Hon. E. J. Aston, the 
present Mayor of Aslieville, or the undersigned. 

EDWIN A. GATCHELL, M.D. 
"The Villa," 

Asheville, N. C. , 

Nov. 1, 1884. 



Tlie original edition of this pamphlet received the 
following endorsement from the gentlemen whose names 
are appended : 

" We have examined the matter contained in this 
pamphlet and we cheerfully testify to the accuracy of its 
statements, and commend it to the public as containing 
much valuable information in regard to the country 
described." 

Hon. Zebulon B. Vance, 
Hon. T. L. Clingman, 
Hon. a. S. Merrimon, 
Hon. E. J. Aston, 
Prof. W. C. Kerr. 



»> - 



THE SWITZERLAND OF AMERICA. 



In Western North Carolina, between the Blue 
Ridge on the east and the Alleghanies on the 
west, lies the beautiful valley of the French 
Broad. This fair "Land of the Sky " has been 
the inspiration of the romancer's pen and the 
artist's pencil. No other spot combines so fine 
a climate, an air so pure and invigorating and 
scenery so charming and picturesque. 

ASHEVILLE, 

the metropolis of this region, is a live city of 
five thousand people, on the line of the Western 
North Carolina Railroad. It has an altitude of 
twenty-two hundred and fifty feet above tide- 
water. The trip to Asheville can be made in 
Pullman Palace Cars with as much comfort as 
traveling in any part of the country, it being 
only twenty-four hours' ride from Washington 
or Cincinnati. 

The approach from either direction is through 
some of the most magnificent scenery on the 
continent. From the East the route presents a 
series of pictures full of the wildest grandeur. 
At Morganton the panorama begins. Two 



8 



giant rocks, either one four thousand feet in 
height, stand like mighty sentinels one each 
side of the Linville River which here escapes 
from between their granite walls Passing on 
through the valley of the Catawba, the native 
habitat of the grape of that name, the scenery 
becomes even more wild and broken. 

But near the summit of the Blue Ridge there 
bursts upon the view a scene which for pictur- 
esque grandeur is not surpassed in America. 
We see a pile of lofty mountains whose sides 
are clothed from base to dome in evergreen 
pines and balsams. Down the mountain-sides leap 
streams of clearest water, forming a succession of 
beautiful cascades and quiet pools. Here the rail- 
road climbs by a tortuous path, winding over tres- 
tles, through tunnels and along shelving rocks in 
its panting journey to the summit where the 
waters part which flow to the Atlantic shore and 
to the Gulf. The line winds and doubles upon 
itself in such a manner that in places a series of 
four tracks may be seen one above another. 

Nestled in the side of the valley stands a fine 
hotel, near which is the most striking object 
belonging to this most remarkable scene, a 
heavy jet of water thrown nearly two hundred 
and seventy feet into the air, a magnificent 
fountain Avhose stream would over-top the high- 
est geyser of the Yellowstone. 

This scene at Round Knob baffles description. 



9 



It combines all that is romantic, grand and in- 
spiring, while its central object, the lofty foun- 
tain, in its magnificent setting, makes it both 
rare and wonderful. 

A few miles further the train passes through 
a tunnel from which it emerges to make the 
descent of the western slope. Now it rapidly 
glides down the valley crossing and recrossing 
at intervals the romantic Swanannoa. It sweeps 
round the curve formed by the meeting of the 
waters of the French Broad with those of the 
former stream and soon draws up at the depot 
where numerous 'busses and carriages are in 
waiting to bear the expectant traveler to his 
mountain home. 

Or, if we approach Asheville from the West, 
having come from Cincinnati or Louisville, 
the trip is no less charming. Forty miles away 
the train enters the grand canon of the French 
Broad, so narrow in places that the jealous river 
will scarcely permit the passage of the iron 
track. Hemmed in between wall and water the 
train sweejjs b}^ palisades, painted rocks, river 
islands, and the famous Warm Springs, where 
water warm enough for a baby's bath boils out 
of the bubbling sands forming inviting pools. 

In the ride up the valley of the French Broad, 
the rapid river, famed for its romantic scenery, 
is seldom lo^t to sight, but presents ever-chang- 
ing views of most enchanting beauty. 



10 



ITS ACCESSIBILITY. 

Those who have never visited Asheville do 
not realize that the " Switzerland of America 
lies within easy reach of the most populous 
part of the United States, for a trip of but a few 
hours wall convey the resident of New ^ork, 
Cincinnati, New Orleans or Charleston to the 
heart of a beautiful region which many would 
suppose nothing short of a journey to Califor- 
nia would reveal. 

RAILROAD COMMUNICATIONS. 

Asheville may now be reached by rail from 
three different directions, and soon a fourth 
will be added. From the East the Virginia 
Midland, or Richmond and Danville route via 
the Western North Carolina Railroad, will 
bring passengers direct from New York, Phila- 
delphia, Baltimore or Washington, with all the 
conveniences of modern travel. In the West, 
the Cincinnati Southern, the Kentucky Central, 
and the Louisville and Nashville, all sell 
through coupon tickets direct to Asheville. 
From the Southwest, via Knoxville, there is 
a direct line to Asheville which connects witli 
the East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia, at 
Morristown, Tennessee. In a short time there 
will be open the Asheville and Spartanburg 
Railroad, now completed to Henderson ville, 
twenty miles distant, which will give direc^ 



13 



olina has long been favorably known for its 
healthful climate, especially for its beneficial 
effects in pulmonary affections, and there are 
many people now living here who came ten, 
twenty, and some even a far greater number of 
years ago, in various stages of pulmonary dis- 
ease, and after recovery chose it as their per- 
manent home. 

It is, however, only within the last few years 
that its fame has become very widespread, but 
so rapidly has it grown in popular favor that 
its position as a resort is -already well estab- 
lished, and hundreds of invalids and tourists in 
both summer and winter now visit Asheville in 
search of health and pleasure. The mountain 
air is pure and bracing, there is a large propor- 
tion of sun-shiny days when out-door exercise — 
so important for those who suffer from lung 
disease — can be indulged in. 

It is a rare exception to find those who come 
here in search of health fail of prompt and 
decided benefit. And those cases especially 
which come in the earlier stages can be assured 
of complete and permanent recovery. 

RAINFALL. 

This region has no rainy season ; that is to 
say, the precipitation of moisture is quite 
equally distributed throughout the year, being 
excessive at no time. If anything, more rain 



14 



falls in the summer months, when it is most 
welcome and causes least inconvenience ; where- 
as the winters are comparatively dry, thus per- 
mitting the enjoyment of out- door life. What 
little snowfall there may be seldom remains 
long even on the highest mountains, and its 
stay in the valleys can generally be measured 
by hours. 

The average rainfall in inches of the differ- 
ent seasons for a period of eleven years is 
shown to be as folio w^s : — 

Spring 10.1 in. 

Summer 13.5 " 

Autumn 7.1 " 

Winter 9.5 " 

Total 40.2 in. 

TEMPERATURE. 

The record at Ashville shows the following 
mean temperature for the seasons : 

Spring 54.3° F 

Summer 71.3" " 

Autumn 55.3° " 

Winter 37.2^ " 



o 



Year 55.3^ F. 

In a series of nine years the mercury did not 
rise above 90 "^ F. any day in summer. The 
nights are always cool, permitting refreshing 



15 

sleep. In winter it is very seldom that a zero 
temperature is reached, while the air is comfort- 
able, dry, clear, and invigorating. 

SALUBEITY. 

This feature is characteristic of the country 
adjacent to the Blue Ridge. No other range of 
long settled counties can show so small a ratio 
of mortality as those that lie at the western 
base of the Blue Ridge. 

The following table gives the ratio of con- 
sumption in several sections of the country. 
The figures indicate the number of deatlts from 
this disease in every one thousand deaths : 

Northern New England (nearly) . . 250 

Minnesota and California, . . . 150 

Kentucky and Tennessee, . . . 100 

Western North Carolina, . . 30 

But the ratio of consumption generated in a 
country is not a test of its relative capacity for 
promoting recovery when the disease is estab- 
lished. The lowlands of the south generate a 
much less ratio than the colder regions of the 
north and yet, as the statistics of mortality in 
the army clearly show, they tend quite as much, 
if not more, to promote its progress when ex- 
isting. 

Their hot moist atmosphere by inducing 
debility and fever hastens the progress of the 
disease. On the other hand the extreme cold 



16 



of Jhigher northern latitudes proves fatal by ex- 
hausting the small heat-producing capacity of 
the consumptive. 

A moderately cool and highly invigorating 
atmosphere has been found to be by far the 
most favorable. 

Altitude has come to be recognized as indis- 
pensable to any considerable proportion of 
recoveries. It is in fact one of the most im- 
portant conditions. 

The beneficial effects in almost all cases are 
felt soon after reaching the bracing air of this 
mountain region. Very soon after arrival the 
appetite improves, the cough is moderated, 
night-sweats cease, and the patient enjoys more 
refreshing sleep. And accompanying this im- 
provement there is a feeling of increased 
strength and vigor. 

This region possesses a greater number of 
conditions favorable to recovery from lung 
diseases than any other part of the United 
States. 

One of the most noteworthy cases of recovery 
in this climate is that of Mr. F. A. Hull, 
formerly of Michigan, now residing in Ash" 
ville ; the following account of his case was 
written by himself a few days since : 

"In 1878 I was taken suddenly with h?em- 
orrhages, had them repeatedly for three months, 
and was reduced from 185 to 103 pounds during 



/ 










A GLIMPSE OF THE FRENCH BROAD. 



18 



the time. I suffered from cough, night sweats, 
as well as partial loss of voice. I made a trip 
to Colorado and traveled through the moun- 
tains for some time, but received no benefit ; if 
anything my condition grew worse. I moved 
back to lower country, Western Kansas, but 
receiving little benefit returned to ray 
home in central Michigan, from whence I made 
a trip to the mountains of Western North 
Carolina, making Asheville my head-quarters, 
where I had been in former years Avhen in per- 
fect health. 

" By riding in the saddle every day, no mat- 
ter what the weather, I commenced to gain flesh 
and strength, and the cough, which had been 
my constant companion from the first, left me. 
After roaming over these mountains for three 
months I found that I had gained twenty-four 
pounds, felt like a new man, and returned again 
to ray home ; but in a few days I fonnd that I 
was getting into my former condition. 

" Waiting till October before determining to 
leave home I formed the idea of making the 
trip overland in the saddle, but was taken sud- 
denly with haemorrhage and confined to my bed. 
But as soon as I was able to sit up I ordered my 
baggage sent by express to Asheville, and I fol- 
lowed on horse-back. I left Michio^an on the 
23d of October and reached Asheville about the 
middle of November ; making a trip of over one 



19 



thousand miles in the saddle and gaining ten 
pounds on the way. When I started I was so 
weak that I had to be helped into the saddle. 

"And I did not cease to ride after reacliing 
this place, but kept it up daily in all weather. 
This I did for six months, and to-day I am as 
strong and possess as much lung power, if not 
more, than ever before in my life." 

At the Inter-State Military Tournament held 
at the opening of the Exposition at Raleigh not 
long since, Mr. Hull marched for eight miles ex- 
posed to the heat of the sun and clouds of dust, 
and at night slept on the ground rolled in a 
blanket. While this is a very remarkable case, 
the instances of recovery from the milder forms 
of consumption may be numbered by the score. 

Prof. A. L. Loomis, M. D., of New York, one 
of the most eminent authorities in the country 
on the subject of diseases of the heart and lungs, 
emphasizes the importance of giving careful 
attention to the earliest manifestations of 
phthisis, and beginning systematic treatment 
before the disease has become established. 

Prof. Dickson, of Jefferson Medical College, 
Philadelphia, states that the health of himself 
and family has nowhere improved so much as 
in Asheville. He is "not aware of any other 
spot in Europe or America so full of all that is 
desirable " as the country around Asheville. 



20 



GENERAL DESCRIPTION. 

Western North Carolina is bounded by Vir- 
ginia on the north, by Georgia on the south, by 
the Blue Ridge on the east, and by the Allegha- 
nies on the west. From Virginia to Georgia it 
has a length of about one hundred and seventy 
miles, with an average breadth of about forty. 
It has accordingly an area of almost seven 
thousand square miles, including a territory 
nearly as large as that of Massachusetts. 

It is sometimes termed a plateau, but it has 
none of the evenness of surface that character- 
iszes the plateau ; and it is termed a valley only 
because it is included between the Blue Ridge 
and the Alleghanies. It is in fact a mountainous 
region, being crossed by transverse ranges that 
divide it into several comparatively narrow 
valleys. With its various mountain chains and 
their numerous peaks towering from four thou- 
sand to seven thousand feet above tidewater, it 
looks rough and uninviting to the farmer accus- 
tomed to the broad prairies of the West, how- 
ever attractive it may be to one in search 
of the picturesque. To the latter its lofty 
peaks, its deep gaps, its beautiful cascades 
and pleasant valleys abound in attractions. 
But it is not without merits to render 
it a most desirable home. It is admirably 
adapted to the successful prosecution of some 
branches of agriculture, and it is surpassed by 



21 



no country in point of salubrity. For pure, 
soft water, and for cool, exhilarating summer 
air, it is almost unrivaled, while the winters are 
mild and invigorating. 

ASHEVILLE. 

The city is adorned with many elegant pri- 
vate residences ;. there are good stores, well sup- 
plied with all lines of goods ; there are churches 
of almost every denomination, and hotel and 
private accommodations equal to any in the 
South. There are good schools, including a 
flourishing Young Ladies' Seminary. A daily, 
semi-weekly, and four weekly newspapers keep 
the public informed on the current events of 
the dav. 

An elegant Club Room, which compares 
favorably with any similar institution in the 
country, affords social privileges for citizens and 
visitors. Also a free reading-room and public 
library add to the attractions of the place. 

The livery-stables are w^ell supplied with good 
turn-outs, and particularly with fine riding 
horses, and both ladies and gentlemen who are 
fond of this delightful exercise should bring 
riding-habits with them. The numerous places 
of interest about Asheville are reached by roads 
which render riding a most agreeable mode of 
travel. 

The sportsman and angler should, in the 



22 



proper seasons, come supplied with gun and rod, 
for short excursions from Asheville will provide 
sport for each. 

BATTERY PORTER. 

A description of Asheville would be incom- 
plete without an account of Battery Porter. 
Near its base lies " The Villa," one of the most 
desirable places in Asheville at which to enjoy 
the comforts of home, as a substitute for that 
which you have left many miles away. 

" The Battery " is a high hill near the center 
of the town, which was chosen on account of its 
commanding position as the spot upon which to 
plant cannon for the protection of the place in 
wartimes. 

The old earthworks which were thrown up 
may still be seen. But its chief attraction lies 
in the magnificent mountain view which its 
summit commands. Mile upon mile of valley, 
and league upon league of hill, stretch far away 
to an almost immeasurable distance. This has 
been pronounced to be one of the most mag- 
nificent mountain views in America. 

The most conspicuous object is the lofty top 
of Pisgah, up whose rugged side the tireless 
" Rat " is ever climbing, though never gaining. 
Through the notch of the Pigeon may be seen 
in the dim distance the Balsam Mountains, 
which stand like mighty sentinels guarding the 




THE CANYON OF THE CATALOUCHE. 



u 



pass. Of this scene a recent writer in Apple- 
ton's J ouRNAL, says : " There is a greater at- 
traction in the unknown than in the known, and 
the traveler who has followed the French 
Broad to where it surges around Mountain 
Island and sweeps beneath Paint Rock ; who 
has stood on the hills of Asheville, and admired 
the gentle loveliness of the valleys which en- 
compass it ; who has tracked the Swannanoa to 
its birthplace in the ice-cold springs of the 
Black Mountain, and climbed to the summit of 
that Appalachian patriarch, JVIount Mitchell — 
it is natural that such a traveler, turning his 
back on these places made familiar by explora- 
tion, should look with longing eyes at the dark 
chain of the Balsam, forming so lofty a barrier 
between himself and the still wilder, still more 
beautiful region that lies farther westward. If 
he possesses courage and resolution, if he does 
not shrink from trifling hardships, and if he can 
endure cheerfully a few inconveniences, let him 
resolve to scale those heights, and gaze at least 
upon all that lies beyond. There is very little 
difficulty in executing such a resolution, and 
nobody who can appreciate the sublime in 
natural scenery, or who likes the zest of adven- 
ture, will ever regret having executed it." 
• The forests which clothe these mountains are 
made up of trees of almost every variety which 
grows in the temperate zone. The oak, beech. 



25 



birch, maple, chestnut, hickory, walnut, poplar, 
pine, and balsam mingle their branches in one 
interminable mass, and when the leaves of each 
have taken on their autumn hues, the distant 
hillsides look as though carpeted with varie- 
gated taj^estry, fresh from Persia's busy looms. 

Joaquin Miller, in a recent visit to the Alle- 
ghanies, wrote : " As we climbed up the face of 
the densely wooded mountains, under the fierce 
sun, the world lay about us, below us, before us, 
as if sheeted in old gold. There the dogwood 
blazed, and there the maple rose on the mount- 
ain-side like the burning bush where Moses saw 
the face of God ; and then the softening tints 
of purple in the air, the far-away look in all 
things as if nature would not be familiar, and 
counted our presence profanity." 

And then this Poet of the Sierras, falling into 
a more practical vein, added : " I would say to 
my friends who want to go West, come here. 
The tide is flowing back. So come to the 
South. Malaria ? they laugh at you here if you 
talk of it." 

M^HO SHOULD COME TO ASHEVILLE. 

All those who are the victims of any form of 

pulmonary disease, and particularly incipUnt 

phthisis. And, in addition, those suffering- 

from chronic bronchitis, catarrh, and asthma 

will here find relief. 



26 



Another class of invalids who will receive 
great benefit from a residence in this climate, 
consists of those who are suffering from nerv- 
ous debility, brain fag, or exhaustion from too 
close application to business. The business 
man of New York, Cincinnati, or elsewhere, 
who desires to recuperate and gain needed rest, 
will here find all the conditions necessary to 
complete recovery. There are two effects 
Avhich this ciiniate produces in almost everyone 
who comes, it creates a greatly increased appe- 
tite and induces sleep. No one can fail to be 
benefited under these conditions, while breath- 
ing this pure, bracing air. 

TOBACCO. 

Tobacco culture has become the most impor- 
tant industry in Western North Carolina. The 
causes which favor the production of fine 
tobacco so especially, are the elevation of the 
coutry, the dryness of the climate by day, and 
the cool nights. It is destined to become the 
chief section in the United States for the finer 
and fancy qualities. Mr. Shelton, who first in- 
troduced the culture of tobacco here, at the 
Vienna Exposition was awarded a silver medal 
for his brand " Speckled Trout " of manufac- 
tured tobacco, and at the Paris Exposition had 
honorable mention for the same brand. 

There is a ready cash market for all the to- 



37 



bacco grown here, .hich renders this the most 
remunerative agricultural industry. It is esti- 
mated that the value of the tobaeoo crops 
marketed at Asheville this season, will reach 
nearly one million dollars. There is much land 
still capable of cultivation in this remunerative 
crop. Land which may be bought for a few 
dollars per acre, if fertilized with guano or 
other artificial fertilizer will yield abundantly. 

MANUFACTURING. 

As a manufacturing region Western Nortk 
Carolma has peculiar advantages. Its water 
power IS sufficient to drive all the machinery in 
the United States. Most of its numerous streams 
descend at least a thousand feet from their sources 
till they escape through the Alleghanies into 
Tennessee and Virginia. The Little Tennessee 
river descends two thousand feet before it 
reaches the level of the valley through which it 
flows to join the Tennessee ; and the French 
Broad has a fall of six hundred feet, from Ashe 
ville to the Tennessee line. The French Broad 
and Its tributaries represent a water power 
equivalent to one hundred and seventy-five 
thousand horse power. 

The country contains timber, both hard and 
soft-ash, hickory, walnut, chestnut, maple, 
birch, beech, pine and hemlock. These all await 
the hand of the mechanic to fashion them into 
useful or ornamental forms. 



28 



Nor is it any exaggeration to say that no 
region in the world surpasses it in the combined 
variety and abundance of its minerals. 

The adaptation of this highland region to 
wool-growing and the vicinity of the cotton- 
fields, with cheapness of food, great mineral 
wealth, and a highly invigorating atmosphere, 
favorable to labor, all point unerringly to the 
time when its valleys shall be musical with the 
hum of scores of thousands of spindles, as well as 
with the buzz of innumerable saws ; the time 
when it shall become the great manufacturing 
region of the South, unsurpassed by any in the 
world. 

Let the northern dairyman, wool-grower, stock- 
raiser, fruit-culturist, miner and manufacturer 
consider the advantages offered ; the healthiness 
of stock, the variety of the grasses, the coolness 
of the summers, the comparative mildness of 
the winters, the vast water-power, neither ex- 
hausted by heat nor rendered useless by cold, 
with the almost complete immunity from con- 
sumption, and the small ratio of other pulmon- 
ary diseases, and a tide of immigration should 
set towards it to fill its valleys and cover its 
hill-sides. 

SCENERY. 

This is varied and grand beyond description. 
Indeed it is rarely equaled in picturesqueness in 
Europe or America. The pages of that beauti- 



29 



ful work of art, " Picturesque America," (D. 
Appleton & Co.) are graced by numerous views 
from Western North Carolina's rivers and moun- 
tains. On the west the AUeghanies send up 
numerous peaks from five to six thousand feet 
high ; on the East the Blue Ridge rises in grand 
but less lofty eminences ; while near the center 
of the region the Black Mountain range towers 
nearly seven thousand feet above tide-water. 

The short Black Mountain range pierces the air 
with thirteen peaks above the altitude of Mt. 
Washington. 

From heights clad with verdure to their sum- 
mits, numberless perennial springs send their 
clear, cool waters down the steeps to join others 
in the valley below, whence they go to swell the 
great flood pourmg along the Mississippi Valley, 
to lose themselves in the waters of the gulf. 

In these mountain streams, evidence of the 
purity of the water, basks the speckled trout. 
The deer and black bear tempt the hunter to 
forest and mountain, as does the trout the angler 
with rod and line to the limpid waters of the 
brook. 

Everywhere, mountains and waterfalls, cliffs 
and valleys, gaps and glens lend variety to 
the scene and inspire delight in the lover of the 
beautiful and sublime. While health is borne 
upon the breeze, beauty and grandeur fill the 
eye and soul. It is the region to rear children 
in health, plenty and peace. 

It is useless to struggle against her decrees. 
Their execution may be delayed, it cannot be 
averted. 



30 
HOW TO GET TO ASHEYILLE, 

FROM 

FOUR POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 

NEW YORK^ via Philadelphia, Baltimore, 
and Washington. Leave New York at 12 mid- 
night, (Pennsylvania Depot foot of Desbrosses 
St.) and the ride can be made {via Virginia 
Midland Route) through to Asheville in Pull- 
man Coaches in 33 hours, arriving at 9 a. m. 

CINCINNATI and the Northwest. Leave 
Cincinnati in Pullman coach at 8:10 in the 
evening, and arrive at Knoxville [via Kentucky 
Central Railroad) 9:25 next morning, making 
connections which Avill reach Asheville at 5:30 
the afternoon of the same day. 

FLORIDA, Charleston and the Southeast. 
Leave Jacksonville {via S. F. & W. R'y-) ^^ 
2:30 P.M. and Charleston at 8:18 the next morn- 
ing, reach Salisbury at 8:23 in the evening, and 
Asheville at 9 the following morning. 

From Charleston the trips can be made even 
more direct, via Columbia, Spartanburg and 
Hendersonville, leaving a short stage-ride of 
twenty miles. There will soon be all-rail com- 
munication via this route 

NEW ORLEANS and the Southwest. 

From New Orleans the trip can be made by 
the N. O. & N. E. R. R. via Knoxville and 
Morristown, Tenn., and the Warm Springs 
route, direct to Asheville. Or by the Louis- 
ville and Nashville, via Atlanta, Spartanburg 
and Hendersonville. 



f^&^ 




TRADE W^"^V."g:^ MARK 



FOOD 



For Infants and Invalids. 



Tlie Oiilj Perfect Siiktitiite for lotto's Milk, 

The most nourishing diet for invalids 
and nursing mothers. 



Indorsed by the highest medical au- 
thorities. 



Keeps in all climates. Requires no 
cooking. 



n 



A copy of our book, "THE CARE ANQ 
FEEDING OF INFANTS," will be 
sent free to any address. 



Doliber, Goodale & Co., Boston, Mass. 



H. T. ESTABROOK, 

South Main Street, Asheville, N. C. 



-DEALER IN- 



Books, Stationery, Novelties and 

Curiosities. 

Artists' Materials at Northern Prices. 



ENGRAVINGS AND PAINTINGS ALWAYS ON HAND ; 
ALSO A LARGE VARIETY OP LOCAL VIEWS. 

Art Studio up stairs where pupils may receive instruction in 
Drawing and Painting. Circulars sent upon application. The 
place for Ladies to visit is " Estabrook's," S. Main St., four doors 
below Public Square, 



D. S. WATSON, 



-PROPRIETOR OP THE— 




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J. 




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-DEALER IN- 







OFFICE ON PATTON AVE., 



Asheville, N. C. 



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HUNT & ROBERTSON, 

ooK Ap Job Printers, 



-AND- 



ST^TIOISTERS. 



Plain and Ornainental Pidnting of 
every description neatly and promptly 
executed' 

ASHEVILLE, N. C. 



ZACHARY BROS,, 



DEALERS IX 



FRESH MEATS 

OF 



Markets • \ -^'^^^ Post-office ox Maix Street, 
* ( Patton Ave., near Main Street, 

ASHEVILLE, N. C. 



Citf Iraiisfer aiiil Hi. Hel fc. 



-OF- 



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J 



HAFEE&S 



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Eagle Building, Asheville, N. C. 

Agent Meets all Trains. Passengers and 
Baggage called for and delivered. 



Tickets Sold to all points, and Baggage 
Checked Through ! 

STEREOSCOPIC VIEWS 

OF 

WESTEEj^ Jf OETH OAPvOLINA 

I have a large collection of Views embracing all the points of 
interest in the Mountain Section. Send for Catalogue 



Address 



PRICE, $1.50 PER DOZEN. 

"w. T. noBEi^rrsoisr, 

ASHEVILL.E, N. C. 



«u. c. Mccarty. 



FRED. A. HULL 




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H 



-MANUFACTURERS OF- 



COMMON AND FANCY PLUG 



TOBACCO 



FANCY- 



SM®KIlf© T®BA©®0 



AND- 



^eoZers trv Leaf. 



ASHEVIIiLE, N. C. 



1 V8 "W^atiez? Stx^ee-bz 



SWANKANOA HOTEL 



ASHEVILLE, N. C. 




m most Attractive M ComfortaDIe Hotel In lie SontJi. 

In winter the Halls and Public Rooms are heated. Open fix©- 
places. Mountain Spring Water brought from Beaumont Range . 
Warm Baths. 

While conveniently located with reference to Churches, Post, 
Express, Telegraph and R. R. Ticket Oflaces, Bank, Public Library, 
and Asheville Club 'Rooms, from the Tower and from the 450 feet 
of Galleries, may be seen the Swannanoa and French Broad River 
Valley, the Blue Ridge, Mt. Pisgah, the Balsam and Smoky Ranges 
of Mountains, some of whose peaks are over 6,000 feet high. 

Ample Livery, Five miniite& walk ffom Battery Porter; out 
mile from summit of, and immediately facing Beaumont. A 
nicely shaded grass plat furnished with rustic seats and summe? 
house adjoining hotel. In summer the Swannanoa is headquarter* 
for tourists and pleasure seekers. 

A fine Orchestra is in attendance for the entertainment of 
guests. Dancing nearly every evening. The Ball Room is 50x150 
feet. , 



Proprietors. 







•^ 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




014 423 561 7 





